이해를 돕기위해 영어와 한국어를 섞었습니다.
이 작업을 시작 한지도 60년이 지난 지금도 그의 부인과 자녀들이 이어받아 게속하고 있는
이 거대 작품을 여유가 되시면 방문하셔서 자동차 안에서 장관의 Laser Show도 구경해 보세요.
밑에 한국인(10년전)과 미국인의 여행담과 Crazy Horse의 출생과 배경을 한국어와 영어로 올렸으니
더 자세히 알고 싶으시면 참고 하시라고 올립니다.
영어로 읽기 귀찮으시면 사진만 보아도 유익하리라 봅니다.
완성후의 미래 조감도
Crazy
Korczak’s detailed, long-range plans for Crazy Horse Memorial are incorporated into this painting showing how the nonprofit humanitarian project will look in the future when its major goals are accomplished.
The 563-foot-high mountain carving-in-the-round will dominate the horizon. A poem written by Korczak will be carved on the mountain in letters three feet tall. The multi-storied, 350-foot diameter, hogan-style Indian Museum of North America will be across the reflecting pool from the mountain.
The American Indian University and Medical Training Center, with its circular dormitories, will rise on either side of the Avenue of the Chiefs.
The avenue will be lined with
sculptural portraits of famous Native Americans.
Visitors will be able to drive around the spring-fed lake to the other side of the colossal Crazy Horse sculpture in the round.
The recreational facilities reflect Korczak’s great love of sports and his desire to encourage athletic activity.
This illustration by artist Gene Christopherson is based on the 220-page master plan for Crazy Horse. In the foreground is the visitor complex as it appears today with more than 80 rooms. The existing complex humbly started with Korczak’s Army surplus tent in 1947.
진행과정
여기서 부터는 영어로..
(밑에 Bio.는 꼭 보세요!.)
The restaurant has a huge "look of wood" feel to it, as you can see below. There is the full service restaurant, and also a snack bar area. I had a Taco Salad, and Marcia had a Buffalo Burger with sweet potato fries. We both enjoyed our meal, and the service was very good.
We got there around 7:30, an hour before the laser show was to start. Above the light from the sun just barely illuminated the Memorial. A little before 8 they turned the lights on the memorial, and I got the shot below.
By 8:20 it was dark and cold, I took this shot, and we headed for our car.
The unfinished Crazy Horse Memorial is being created on Thunderhead Mountain,
a part of the Black Hills in South Dakota considered sacred by many Native Americans.
A long winding road leads to the site, where suddenly there unfolds an extraordinary vista:
a sculpture being carved from the side of a mountain.
In 1939 Chief Henry Standing Bear wrote to the Polish sculptor Korczak Ziolkowski and
asked if he would create a monument to honor the Native Americans.
That request sparked what would become one of the largest and most controversial memorial projects.
Ziotkowski’s vision, which his family has perpetuated, was for a sculpture of Crazy Horse, the Lakota warrior who led his people during the Battle of the Little Bighorn (1876), where Colonel George Armstrong Custer and his men were massacred. Ziotkowski and members of the Lakota tribe chose the location of Thunderhead Mountain, but it is a controversial site and many Lakota people are deeply offended at their sacred ground being destroyed. The sculpture, which on its completion will be the largest in the world, is being carved from the mountainside with a series of controlled explosions. The project also encompasses a comprehensive visitor center, a museum documenting Native American history, and a planned university and medical training center for North American Indians.
The complex is owned by the not-for-profit Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation, and has not had, through choice, any federal funding. It is an enormous and continuing achievement, and an important resource for Native American culture and history.
Crazy Horse Memorial
Today, our last full day in the Black Hills, our goal was to visit the Crazy Horse Memorial, which is just a few miles north of Custer. I had visited the memorial once before, about 10 years ago. I was wondering if I would notice any change and progress....well, yes and no. Oh, there has been lots of progress on the memorial, but it looks so much like I remember it that I could not notice it at first. What I did notice was a vast improvement in what I will call the "Visitor's Complex", which is probably 40% larger than I remember it, and full of all sorts of historical items, Indian items for sale, loads of information about the Memorial, along with the outside plaza and food area which has not changed. Back in 2002, they were doing work on remodeling the original "visitor's center", so what we were able to see was vastly reduced from what we saw today.
Korczak Ziolkowski, the initial Sculptor, started the work in 1948. He died in 1982 at the age of 74, and is buried at the foot of the mountain. His family, with his wife heading it up along with most of their ten children, continue the work along with the Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation Board. His last words to his wife was, “You must work on the mountain-but go slowly so you do it right.”
An important part of the Memorial is how it is funded. They have not, and will not, accept any Federal Funding. It was Ziolkowski's belief that if the "Feds" got involved, the memorial would never be completed as he envisioned it. You see, he had worked on Mt. Rushmore....and he knew that the Feds had stopped the work way before it was finished....and the only work on the mountain now has been to fix any problems with the Presidential Sculptures....patching up cracks, etc. What they envision with Crazy Horse is not just a huge mountain sculpture, but also a complex of buildings which include a large Indian University.
Ok, now time for pictures, which tell the story better than I can....
The view above is of the Memorial (left side) and the surrounding mountains as seen from a few miles away as we were driving along the highway.
Below is the Memorial as we have pulled into the facility, paid the $20 entrance fee
($10 per person, no senior discounts ㅎㅎ), as we are driving up the long driveway.
Above is a picture of the model, which is a 1:34 scale model when compared to the mountain. As you can see, there is still much work which needs to be done. The extended hand on the monument is to symbolize the following statement.
"My lands are where my dead lie buried."
Above is the model,
and below is the wording which will be etched into the mountain to the left of Crazy Horse.
Of course, one always seems to want to know the following.....What did it look like before any work was done? .... What type of progress has been made since I last saw it? .... When will it be done??? Well, the following pictures can help answer the first two questions....
there is no answer for the last one.
Above is a good collection of photos which show the progress, starting in the upper left corner, working to the right, then down the next row from left to right, and finally the bottom row from left to right. Below is a listing of the years:
1948 | 1960 | 1968 | 1974
1982 | 1991 | 1993 | 1997
1999 | 2003 | 2005 | 2012
Above is a close up of the mountain in 1948 before any blasting took place. Below is what it looked like in 1991.
Above is what it looked like in 2003, a year after I had last been here. I remember the flag being there in memory of 9/11. Below is what it looks like now... So in ten years, they have removed a bunch of the mountain from under the "hole". Little has been done to advance the area behind the face, and a little had been done to start clarifying the outstretched arm with the pointing finger. Yep, there is a lot of work to be done still.....
We did decide to eat while we were there. This was not our original plan, but after seeing the movie and seeing the part about how it is funded through admissions, gifts, and revenue brought in from the sales of items at the complex, including food revenue, we decided to contribute a bit more.
We were seated right along the eastern windows....
and we had a good view of Memorial as we ate, as shown below.
Before lunch we enjoyed looking through the massive visitor's center complex,
which is made up of numerous buildings, some connected, some not.
Below is an aerial view from their website.
Here is a look at some of what we saw....
Above is the room you enter into right after seeing the movie.
Below, from that same room, is a 1:300 scale model of the Memorial....
which is hard to see since it is in front of the window looking out at the Memorial.
Below is a model of the vast complex's future look.
They have many sculptures throughout, and loads and loads of pictures.
Below, we have moved into the main entrance area of the Visitor's Center complex.
Above is a Harley which is bringing in money through a "chance to win" deal....
$20 for one ticket, $50 for three. Well, we won't win it,
because we did not put out any money for the "chance to win".
There is many, many, many Indian items on display,
including this replica of a Lakota tipi (aka: tepee) above.
As you can see, they have utilized just about every bit of space on the walls,
the floor, and even the ceiling.
Below is a saying of Chief Joseph, with a wooden sculpture of him below.
The saying impressed both of us, so I will share it with you: "They will teach us to quarrel about God, as Catholics and Protestants do. We do not want to do that. We may quarrel with men sometimes about things on earth, but we never quarrel about the Great Spirit. We do not want to learn that. --Chief Joseph, 1881" Now, being the Librarian I am, I did look it up, and "essentially" this is what he said, but his actual wording might have been just a little different. It is an interesting concept though....
Above and below are just some real nice exhibits about the Indian Culture.
The Cabinet above is full of woven baskets. Below is a warrior who morns the loss of his horse.
We are now moving into another room, which will lead out to the courtyard,
the original entrance and lobby area, and access to the restaurant.
We now moved into the original lobby, studio and home area....
Here in the original lobby, they have molds of the horses head, and Crazy Horses head.
And a painting by Ziolkowski showing his vision within the mountain,
and below a sketch of how to "wear down the mountain" to expose the rock to do the horse.
If you look closes in the front of the reddish area, you can actually see the outline of the horses head.
It seems that this is the work that is being done these past 15 years or so....getting the rock removed so that the horse can start to be worked on.
Now for some reason, many of the pictures I took in the replica of the home,
and the studio did not turn out very well. But here are a few of them...
Above there is a painting of Ziolkowski a few years before he died,
while below is a portrait of him when he was a young man.
In the Studio area there is this bronze sculpture of Wild Bill Hickok,
and below, this stage from the Deadwood Cheyenne Stage Lines.
In the movie we saw, they showed that when he first started out with old equipment.
Below is a picture of two of the original pieces of heavy equipment he had.
This Buda Air Compressor has the words "Kaput" attached to the exhaust because many times it would just go "Kaput" on him, he would have to walk all the way down the 741 steps that took him up onto the mountain, hand crank it to start it again, and go back up the stairs. In the film we saw, he said in one day this happened nine times....it was not fun going up those stairs even once per day, let alone nine times. He used the air compressor when he advanced to the pneumatic jack hammer drill to put the dynamite into to blow away the stone.
Well, we loved Crazy Horse Memorial so much, we decided to return for the night laser show. If you wish to come back to Crazy Horse, you need to let them know at the Information Booth and they will exchange your ticket tab for a new one time entry ticket. I am not sure what the limitations are on this...but I know coming back the same day, and even the next day, is a possibility.
Most of the people watch the light show from the comfort of their car, in the parking area that is slightly up a hill away from the entrance to the Visitor's Complex. By 8:30 the lights we off the mountain, and then for 15 minutes various colors of light shown on the mountain. At 8:45, the actual laser show started, and it lasted about 20 minutes. There was no way our camera was going to produce a picture of this show...but I can tell you, it is well worth the effort to see this wonderful light show.
When completed, the Crazy Horse Memorial will be 641 feet wide and 563 feet high. In relation to Mt. Rushmore, the Presidents can fit on the back of Crazy Horses head. Crazy Horse was selected for the Memorial for a few reasons. one, there is no certified picture of Crazy Horse, so the figure is a composite of Lakota Indians with a likeness of what Crazy Horse is said to have looked. Second, Crazy Horse is said to have never given in to sign any treaty, to make any official agreement with the United States...that he stood as independent of the United States as one could during this time period.
A famous Indian quote is this: "They made us many promises, more than I can remember, but they kept one; they promised to take our land, and they did." -- "Red Cloud" Oglala Lakota I am sure that Crazy Horse felt this in a strong way...that the American Government could not be trusted.
So because of his strength, his history of battles, his believes, his drive, Crazy Horse was chosen to not just represent the Lakota people, but all American Indians. This memorial is for all American Indians. When completed, when the University is fully functional and when the entire complex is complete, it will the Jewel of all memorials. Its size and magnitude will be bigger and better than anything ever seen. Hence, for this dream to be realized, they do need to keep the "Government" out of it.
Unfortunately, like any endeavor of this magnitude, not all are happy with the memorial. Back in the 1940's when it was commissioned by Standing Bear, a Lakota elder, other Lakota Indians, including members of Crazy Horses surviving family, did not think that it was right to carve into the sacred Black Hills. Also, the idea of a Lakota pointing a finger is just not proper. They said, "It would be like having a sculpture of George Washington with an upraised middle finger."
Regardless, if you are in the area, you need to visit this Memorial. Give yourself plenty of time...and be sure to come back and see the laser show right in the comfort of your own vehicle.
Crazy Horse Monument is an enormous and spectacular sculpture-in-progress of Lakota leader,
Crazy Horse, featuring a campus commemorating Native American history and culture,
located on a Black Hill’s mountaintop.
What can I see at the Crazy Horse Memorial?
When completed, Crazy Horse Memorial will be the largest mountain sculpture in the world. The site also features a campus including a museum, Native American Education and Cultural Center, the original sculptor’s studio and home, a restaurant, gift shop, and more.
The talented Boston-born sculptor, Korczak Ziolkowksi, was commissioned by Lakota Chief Henry Standing Bear and his tribe to begin work on Crazy Horse Monument in 1948, after settling on a suitable South Dakota mountaintop, with space for adjacent facilities dedicated to the heritage and culture of North American Indians. Crazy Horse Monument became Korczak’s life work, and although he died in 1982, his wife, children, and a group of engineers continue to work on this gargantuan project. The 87 ½ feet tall face was commemorated in 1998 and work is currently being done on the horse’s head. When finished, the monument will be 641 feet in length and 563 feet in height, depicting “a memorial to the spirit” of Crazy Horse as he points over his horse’s head towards the lands where, in Crazy Horse’s words, his “dead lie buried.”
Where is it?
Crazy Horse Memorial is located in South Dakota’s Black Hills, just off HWY 16/385, 17 miles southwest of Mt. Rushmore and 4 miles north of Custer.
About Crazy Horse
crazy horse의 Bio.
Chief Crazy Horse was a Lakota Sioux warrior, remembered for his bravery and skill in battle.
He led the Lakota through many skirmishes and
wars before his life was tragically ended while in the hands of the US army. During his brief life,
Crazy Horse exhibited a gentleness and loyalty to his tribe and
dedicated himself to the preservation of his people’s culture.
Early Years
- ca. 1840 – 1845: Crazy Horse was born Cha-O-Ha (In the Wilderness), to Oglala Lakota parents, Crazy Horse and Rattling Blanket Woman.
- Cha-O-Ha’s birthplace was near present-day Rapid City, SD.
- Around the age of 12, Cha-O-Ha witnessed the Grattan Massacre on a Brule camp in which the tribe’s chief, Conquering Bear, was killed.
- Following the death of Conquering Bear, Cha-O-Ha’s father took him on his vision quest, near Sylvan Lake, SD.
- Cha-O-Ha’s vision quest involved dreams of himself with a lightning bolt on his cheek, hailstones on his forehead, and a small stone in his ear, while riding a horse.
- After his vision quest, Cha-O-Ha received his father’s name, Crazy Horse.
Warrior and Leader
- At age 16, Crazy Horse rode as an adult warrior in a raid on the Crows.
- Crazy Horse displayed his courage during further battles between enemy tribes, including the Shoshone, Pawnee and Blackfeet.
- 1866: Crazy Horse and other warriors defeated the US army near Fort Kearny in a battle known as the Fetterman Massacre.
- 1867: Crazy horse participated in The Wagon Box Fight.
- Crazy Horse became chief of the Oglala Lakota.
- Crazy Horse married three women: Black Buffalo Woman,
- Black Shawl Woman, and Helen “Nellie” Laravie.
Great Sioux War of 1876-77: Crazy Horse played an instrumental role in attacks against the US army including:
- the surprise attack against George Crook’s men at the Battle of Rosebud.
- the defeat of Custer’s 7th Cavalry at Little Big Horn.
Surrender and Death
- 1877: Crazy Horse surrendered at Camp Robinson, in exchange for the promise of a reservation for his people near Powder River.
- Rumors soon circulated that Crazy Horse was planning a rebellion which led the government to order his arrest.
- On September 5, 1877, Crazy Horse resisted arrest and was stabbed by the bayonet of a US guard. He died later that night.
- Crazy Horse’s final resting place unknown, however some believe it is near Wounded Knee.
Influence and Memorial
- Crazy Horse’s life and legacy is commemorated at the Crazy Horse Memorial,
- where visitors can learn more about Native American history and
- culture and view the enormous sculpture-in-progress of Crazy Horse.
- The United States Postal Service also honored Crazy Horse
- as part of their Great Americans series of stamps.
About Sculptor Korczak Ziolkowski
Korczak Ziolkowski’s Early Years
September 6, 1908
- Korczak is born to Polish parents, in Boston.
Ages 1 – 20
- Korczak is orphaned at age 1 and grows up in a series of foster homes.
- He shows signs of being a gifted sculptor without formal training and
- puts himself through Rindge Technical School.
1932
- Korczak completes his first sculpture, a marble carving of Judge Frederick Pickering Cabot.
1939
- Korczak’s sculpture of Ignancy Jan Paderewski wins first prize at New York World’s Fair.
- Korczak is asked to help Gutzon Borglum sculpt Mt. Rushmore.
- Word of Korczak’s talent reaches Lakota Chief Henry Standing Bear.
Crazy Horse Memorial Is Born
1939/40
- Korczak is approached by Chief Henry Standing Bear and other Lakota leaders to construct a mountain sculpture dedicated to the Native American people.
1940 – 1947
- Korczak meets with Chief Standing Bear to discuss possible locations and designs for the memorial.
- The project is put on hold while Korczak volunteers for service during WWII.
May 3, 1947
- Korczak moves to the Black Hills, armed only with a sledge hammer, drill and a box of dynamite. From the onset, Korczak believes that the project should not accept government funding, but should be funded solely by public citizens who, he believed, would see the value in such a memorial and support it with enthusiasm.
June 3, 1948
- The memorial is dedicated to the Native American people following the first blast of
- many to come in the construction process.
1950
- Korczak marries Ruth Ross, his life-long partner, equally dedicated to the memorial's success.
October 20, 1982
- Korczak Ziolkowski passes away after dedicating 36 years of his life to Crazy Horse Monument. on his deathbed, Korczak’s parting words to his wife Ruth: “"You must work on the mountain-but go slowly so you do it right."
- Korczak is buried in a tomb on the Crazy Horse Memorial site, blasted from rock, with an epitaph on the tomb door that reads: KORCZAK Storyteller in Stone, May His Remains Be Left Unkown
Crazy Horse Memorial After Korczak’s Death
At the time of Korczak’s death, work was still being done on Crazy Horse’s face.
Korczak’s wife, his children, and a team of engineers continue work on the enormous sculpture to this day, funded entirely by generous donations.
Over the years, Crazy Horse Memorial’s campus expanded to include a museum,
visitors center, educational center and more.
June 3, 1998 – The 88-foot high face was dedicated,
exactly 50 years to the day that Korczak began sculpting the masterpiece.
Work is currently being done on the 22-story high horse’s head,
and thousands of visitors continue to flock to Crazy Horse Memorial every year,
to view this amazing mountain carving and to donate towards its progress
and legacy to the Native American people
.Apache - 01 Five Spirits-
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