아프가니스탄은 어디로?-Afghanistan in the 1950s and 60s

 

 

 

 

"지금세계는"의 일환으로 올립니다.

사진만 봐도 정세파악이 금방 됩니다.

혹시 도움이 되실까 해서

영문서문 대충의역해서 올립니다.

 

 

 

Afghanistan in the 1950s and 60s

Jul 2, 2013

 

 

Fractured by internal conflict and foreign intervention for centuries,

 Afghanistan made several tentative steps toward modernization in the mid-20th century.

In the 1950s and 1960s, some of the biggest strides were made

toward a more liberal and westernized lifestyle,

while trying to maintain a respect for more conservative factions.

 

Though officially a neutral nation, Afghanistan was courted and influenced by the U.S.

and Soviet Union during the Cold War, accepting Soviet machinery and weapons,

and U.S. financial aid. This time was a brief, relatively peaceful era,

when modern buildings were constructed in Kabul alongside older traditional mud structures,

when burqas became optional for a time,

and the country appeared to be on a path toward a more open, prosperous society.

 

 

  Progress was halted in the 1970s, as a series of bloody coups, invasions,

and civil wars began, continuing to this day,

reversing almost all of the steps toward modernization taken in the 50s and 60s.

 

 

Keep in mind, when looking at these images,

that the average life expectancy for Afghans born in 1960 was 31,

so the vast majority of those pictured have likely passed on since.

[35 photos]

 

 

 

위의 영문서문 대충 의역하면...

 

 

 

 

"아프가니스탠이 수세기 동안 내부 분쟁과 외국 간섭에 의하여 망가졌으나  

20 세기 중반엔 근대화에 나아가려는  몇 몇 잠정적인 단계를  만들어 가고 있었습니다 .

50s 년대와 60s 년대엔 더욱 보수적인 색채를 유지하면서도 

자유주의와 서구화 된 생활을 향해 획기적인  진보가 이루어 졌었습니다.

이프가니스탠이 공식적으론 중립 국가이지만 냉전 기간동안

소련의 기계와 무기 그리고 미국의 금융 지원을 받아 한 때 미국과

소비에트 연방에 의하여 환심도 받고  영향도 받아 비교적 평화로운 시대에

burqas를 얼마동안 안 써도되는(씨밀래 주석) 선택 사항이 됬었고

나라는 더 개방되고 풍요로운 사회를 향해 가고있었습니다.

그 당시엔 건물도 오래된 전통적인 진흙 구조가 현대적인 건물들로  카불에 건설되고 .

이렇한 번영이 1970 년대까지 가다 중지가 됬는데,

이때 일련의 피의 쿠테타와 외부의 침략과 내전이 지금껏 계속되고 있습니다.

거의 모든 현대화의 걸음이 50-60년대로 꺼꾸로 가고 있습니다.

아래에 있는 영상들을 보시면서 1960 년대에 태어난 아프가니인의 수명은

31세였다는 것을 참조하시기 바라며

여기있는 거의 모든영상들이 다  그에 준한 것 들입니다."

 

 Picture taken in 1962 at the Faculty of Medicine in Kabul of two Afghan medicine students listening to their professor (at right) as they examine a plaster cast showing a part of a human body. (AFP/Getty Images)

 

 

 

 

 

2

Men stroll past roadside vendors as a painted truck makes its way through the busy street in Kabul, Afghanistan, November, 1961. (AP Photo/Henry S. Bradsher) #

 

 

 

 

 

3

The modern new (completed 1966) government printing plant in Kabul, on June 9, 1966, which houses Kabul Times. Most of its machinery was furnished by West Germany. (AP Photo) #

 

 

 

 

 

4

Architecture in Kabul, Afghanistan, seen on May 28, 1968. (AP Photo/James Martenhoff) #

 

 

 

 

 

5

Street scene in Kabul, Afghanistan in November, 1961. (AP Photo/Henry Burroughs) #

 

 

 

 

 

6

Afghan boys, men, and women, some in bare feet, shop at a marketplace in Kabul, Afghanistan, in May of 1964. (AP Photo) #   

 

 

 

 

 

7

Motorcade for President Eisenhower's visit to Kabul, Afghanistan, on December 9, 1959. Eisenhower met briefly with the 45-year-old Afghan king, Mohammad Zahir Shah, to discuss Soviet influence in the region and increased U.S. aid to Afghanistan. (Thomas J. O'Halloran, LOC) #   

 

 

 

 

 

8

Residents of Afghanistan line the route of U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower's tour in Kabul, Afghanistan, on December 9, 1959. (AP Photo) #   

 

 

 

 

 

9

Dancers perform in street of Kabul, Afghanistan, December 9, 1959 following President Eisenhower's arrival from Karachi. After a five hour stay in Kabul, Ike flew on to New Delhi. (AP Photo) #   

 

 

 

 

 

10

Afghan Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 fighters and Ilyushin Il-28 bombers in Kabul, Afghanistan, during the visit of the U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower, in December of 1959. (Thomas J. O'Halloran, LOC) #

 

 

 

 

 

11

A shopfront display of fruits and nuts in Kabul, in November of 1961. (AP Photo/Henry S. Bradsher) #

 

 

 

 

 

12

Children in a Kabul street, November, 1961. (AP Photo/Henry Burroughs) #   

 

 

 

 

 

13

A modern traffic light stands incongruously amid burqa-clad women sitting on a Kabul street corner with their backs to their men on May 25, 1964. (AP Photo/Henry Burroughs) #

 

 

 

 

 

14

Afghan women, men, and child in traditional dress ride in a cart through an arid, rocky landscape, November, 1959. (Robert P. Martin, LOC) #

 

 

 

 

 

15

An Afghan worker checks a Russian-made truck in the Kabul Janagalak factory in an unspecified date. The factory situated in the center of the city as the only firm for making vehicle's chassis was plundered, like other public properties in the Afghan capital, during the Afghan mujahedin rule from 1992 to 1996. (AFP/Getty Images) #

 

 

 

 

 

16

The entrance to the Karkar coal mine around 12 kilometers northeast of Pulikhumri, the provincial town of the Northern province of Baghlan. The Karkar coal deposit at one time met the needs of Kabul city. (AFP/Getty Images) #

 

 

 

 

 

17

A caravan of mules and camels cross the high, winding trails of the Lataband Pass in Afghanistan on the way to Kabul, on October 8, 1949. (AP Photo/Max Desfor) #

 

 

 

 

 

18

In Washington, D.C., Afghan King Mohammad Zahir Shah talks with US President John F. Kennedy in the car that took them to the White House on September 8, 1963. (AFP/AFP/Getty Images) #

 

 

 

 

 

19

Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev (black hat), and Marshal Nikolai Bulganin review an Afghan honor guard wearing old German uniforms, on their arrival in Kabul, Afghanistan, on December 15, 1955. At left is the Afghan Prime Minister Sardar Mohammed Daud Khan, and behind, in cap, the foreign minister, Prince Naim. (AP Photo) #

 

 

 

 

 

20

Street scene in Kabul, in November of 1966. (AP Photo) #

 

 

 

 

 

21

Activity in a city park in Kabul, on May 28, 1968. (AP Photo/James Martenhoff) #

 

 

 

 

 

22

This photo shows the now-destroyed Kabul-Herat highway, that linked the Afghan capital to the Iranian border city of Mashad. Built in the early second half of the 20th century, the highway has been virtually destroyed through decades of warfare. (AFP/Getty Images) #

 

 

 

 

 

23

Modern new Finance Ministry building in Kabul, on June 9, 1966, with a public, western-style cafeteria and sidewalk restaurant, facing a water fountain which is illuminated in color at night. (AP Photo) #

 

 

 

 

 

24

Kabul, Afghanistan, November 1961. (AP Photo/Henry Burroughs) #

 

 

 

 

 

25

Scene inside the modern new government printing plant in Kabul on June 9, 1966, which houses Kabul Times. (AP Photo) #

 

 

 

 

 

26

Tajbeg (Queen's) Palace, the Palace of Amanullah Khan in Kabul, photographed on October 8, 1949. Amanullah Khan, King of Afghanistan in the early 20th century, attempted to modernize his country and make many reforms to eliminate many age-old customs and habits. His ambitious plans and ideas were based on what he had seen during a visit to Europe. Click here to see a present-day view of the palace, now an abandoned wreck. (AP Photo/Max Desfor) #

 

 

 

 

 

27

A quiet scene in a street through the bazaar of Kabul, on December 31, 1969. (AP Photo) #

 

 

 

 

 

28

A panoramic view showing the old and new buildings in Kabul, in August of 1969. The Kabul River flows through the city, center right. In the background on the hilltop is the mausoleum of late King Mohammad Nadir Shah. (AP Photo) #

 

 

 

 

 

29

Afghan man leading laden camels and donkeys through an arid, rocky landscape, in November, 1959. (Robert P. Martin, LOC) #

 

 

 

 

 

30

The King of Afghanistan, Mohammad Zahir Shah rides in his limousine on Kabul's central road Idga Wat in this 1968 photo. Zahir Shah, the last of King of Afghanistan lived in exile in Rome since a 1973 coup, returning to Afghanistan in 2002, after the removal of the Taliban. He passed away in Kabul in 2007, at the age of 92. (AP Photo/Handout, The Family of the King of Afghansitan) #

 

 

 

 

 

31

Afghan boys play with kites as men walk past, in November of 1959. (Robert P. Martin, LOC) #

 

 

 

 

 

32

Vendors sell various fuits and nuts at an outdoor market in Kabul, in November of 1961. (AP Photo/Henry S. Bradsher) #

 

 

 

 

 

   33

Women, wearing traditional burqas and Persian slippers, walk alongside men, cars and horse carts, in a street in Kabul, in 1951. At the time, this street was one of only three paved streets in the capital city. (AP Photo)    #

 

 

 

 

 

34

A view of one of the new mosques erected in the suburb of Kabul, in November of 1961. (AP Photo/Henry S. Bradsher) #

 

 

 

 

 

35

Afghan boys, men, and a woman walk through a street in Kabul, Afghanistan, on March 26, 1954. (AP Photo) #